凝汽器-換銅管的相關概述：

凝汽器長年連續運行，銅管將受到腐蝕，表面結垢，降低傳熱效果，導致端差增-、真空降低，嚴重影響機組的經濟性。頻繁的酸洗或-壓水清洗，會使銅管壁因腐蝕或沖刷而減薄。銅管-會破壞凝汽器水側密封性，循環水的漏入使得凝結水質變壞，隨著-加劇，致使給水、爐水及蒸汽的水汽-惡化，當采取措施后，水質仍不能恢復正常而被迫停機。凝汽器銅管經常發生-，會加速鍋爐管道腐蝕、結垢，甚至發生-管事故。所以銅管-嚴重時，除堵漏處理外，還應有計劃地-換。 　　華北電網近兩年對有關電廠-較為嚴重或失效的凝汽器銅管進行了-換，我廠1號機凝汽器銅管也進行了-換。1號機是北京重型電機廠生產的單缸100 MW機組，凝汽器-換HSn70-1B銅管后運行-年多，情況較好。安裝后灌水試驗時檢驗出4根銅管-，都屬于穿透性砂眼缺陷。該4根銅管-換后，消除了-。凝汽器端差由8℃降低到2.5℃，效果顯著。投入膠球清洗及二次濾網系(xi)統裝(zhuang)置后，效果得到了保(bao)持。針對我廠(chang)-換(huan)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的經驗(yan)(yan)和教(jiao)訓，作者認(ren)為凝(ning)汽器(qi)-換(huan)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)應注意以下(xia)幾個問題(ti)。 　　銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)選材是(shi)基礎 　　凝(ning)汽器(qi)的銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)要求(qiu)較(jiao)-的平均(jun)傳熱(re)系(xi)數(shu)，較(jiao)強(qiang)的抗(kang)腐蝕(shi)和抗(kang)沖(chong)刷能(neng)力。現各(ge)電廠(chang)普遍采用(yong)(yong)HSn70-1B黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和B30白銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(其中(zhong)B30白銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)安裝(zhuang)在空氣收縮區(qu)，數(shu)量(liang)較(jiao)少(shao))。HSn70-1B黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)在原HSn70-1A黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的基礎上添加硼元(yuan)素(su)，以細(xi)化(hua)晶粒，提-抗(kang)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)及抗(kang)沖(chong)刷性(xing)。HSn70-1B黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)冶(ye)金(jin)時(shi)加入硼元(yuan)素(su)，工藝要求(qiu)復(fu)雜，工藝不(bu)(bu)(bu)當，加入的硼元(yuan)素(su)會分布(bu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻，造(zao)成銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內部(bu)(bu)局部(bu)(bu)晶粒過于細(xi)化(hua)，脆(cui)性(xing)增加，殘余(yu)應力加-，易(yi)使(shi)銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產生裂紋(wen)。由于這種(zhong)(zhong)缺陷很難檢出，而成為銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)-的隱患(huan)。作者認(ren)為，只有提-產品的-，才能(neng)-銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)渦(wo)流探傷、機械性(xing)能(neng)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、氨熏試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、外形尺寸公差的合格率。 　　目(mu)前，發(fa)電廠(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的凝(ning)汽器(qi)HSn70-1B銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)主要由沈陽(yang)、洛陽(yang)、上海、西北(甘肅省白銀市)、長沙等(deng)幾個廠(chang)家(jia)生產。下(xia)花園發(fa)電廠(chang)全部(bu)(bu)選用(yong)(yong)甘肅銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)生產的西北銅(tong)(tong)。各(ge)廠(chang)家(jia)生產-、檢驗(yan)(yan)手段(duan)差別(bie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)-，但-程度不(bu)(bu)(bu)-樣，關鍵在于-檢驗(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理。為方(fang)便管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理，建議(yi)同-機組銅(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)品種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜過多、材質不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜過雜.

凝汽器-換不銹鋼管的相關概述：

凝汽器是汽輪發電機組重要的冷源設備，由于江河湖海水系的污染，使凝汽器冷卻管腐蝕速度加劇，造成凝汽器頻繁發生-，嚴重影響正常生產。特別是銅管易受氨離子、硫化物等腐蝕而造成-，同時由于銅管內壁不光滑易附著微生物及各種污垢，使銅管的使用---降低。 
凝汽器(汽輪機凝汽器)304/316l不銹鋼管換熱管焊接鋼管主要用于火力發電、化工、鋼鐵等行業的加熱器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，冷油器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，冷水器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，取樣冷卻器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，抽氣冷卻器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，換熱器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，軸封加熱器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，-壓加熱器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，低壓加熱器-換304/316l不銹鋼管，壓力容器，空氣冷卻器等等。凝汽器(汽輪機凝汽器)304/316l不銹鋼管換熱管規格：直徑Ф12～Ф76mm，壁厚0.2～3.0mm，長度分-尺和不-尺兩種。常用的材質不銹鋼管型號有：304、304L、316、316L、317、317L。 
凝汽器(qi)(汽輪機凝汽器(qi))304/316l不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)換熱(re)管(guan)(guan)焊接(jie)鋼管(guan)(guan)是引進-制管(guan)(guan)設備(bei)制造(zao)而成，-與-不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)相(xiang)當或(huo)略強(qiang)，焊縫(feng)(feng)金相(xiang)-與母材(cai)(cai)-樣，強(qiang)度(du)等機械性能略好。由于不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)帶材(cai)(cai)厚薄均(jun)勻，表面光滑平整，其-確比同種材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)的冷撥(bo)、熱(re)軋無縫(feng)(feng)不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)好。延伸率-于35%，并且硬度(du)小(xiao)，易(yi)于脹接(jie)。

凝(ning)(ning)汽器(汽輪機凝(ning)(ning)汽器)304/316l不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)換熱管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)分類(lei)規(gui)格(ge)：不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)螺紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),201不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)螺紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),304不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)螺紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),316L不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)螺紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)U形(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)翅片管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng), 我公司自行-制(zhi)的不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)換熱管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是選用--質不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)帶(dai)材(cai)，冷拉、熱拉成形(xing)(xing)及帶(dai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)，經過卷制(zhi)、焊接、探傷、滾壓(ya)、打磨、固熔、拋(pao)光等(deng)-條龍304不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、316L不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產線加工而成；可根(gen)據(ju)用戶的實際需要，生產不同管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑、壁厚、長度形(xing)(xing)式(shi)等(deng)各種不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)格(ge)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)。

我公司生產(chan)的簿(bu)壁(bi)304/316l不(bu)銹鋼光管(guan)具(ju)有以下(xia)--：

1.凝汽器(汽輪(lun)機凝汽器)304/316l不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)換(huan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)傳熱(re)性(xing)能好，由于不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)壁可采用0.5-0.7mm的薄壁不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)材，提(ti)-了整體換(huan)熱(re)性(xing)能，在相同的換(huan)熱(re)面積下，總體的304/316l不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)換(huan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)傳熱(re)系數比銅管(guan)(guan)提(ti)-2.124-8.408％。

2.由(you)于(yu)304/316l不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)換熱管(guan)材(cai)質采用(yong)美-標(biao)準AISl304、316l等-質不(bu)銹(xiu)合金鋼(gang)，使其具有較-的硬度(du)，不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)子的鋼(gang)度(du)也明(ming)顯提(ti)-。因此(ci)，具有很(hen)強的--溫蒸汽的沖擊性(xing)能及抗振(zhen)性(xing)能。

3.由于304/316不銹(xiu)鋼管子內(nei)壁光滑，使(shi)得其邊界層(ceng)流(liu)底層(ceng)厚度減薄，既強(qiang)化換熱，又提-了(le)抗(kang)結垢性能。

4.裝凝汽器(汽輪機凝汽器)304/316l不銹鋼管換熱管工藝性能好，采用傳統的脹管工藝，304/316l不銹鋼管換熱管外徑公差與銅管-致，不需改變管板孔的加工公差，利于現場直接選用，特別方便老機組的304/316l不銹鋼管換熱管-換管束改造。

5.304/316l不(bu)(bu)銹鋼管(guan)換(huan)熱(re)管(guan)經(jing)濟實-，在同(tong)等換(huan)熱(re)面(mian)積下，不(bu)(bu)銹鋼管(guan)的(de)成(cheng)本約為銅(tong)管(guan)成(cheng)本的(de)80％左(zuo)右，并可直(zhi)接進行-換(huan)管(guan)束改造。

6.為了(le)消除304/316l不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)換熱(re)管(guan)(guan)焊接應力，在保護(hu)氣體中(zhong)以1050℃-溫進行(xing)熱(re)處理。

7.所有304/316l不銹鋼(gang)管換(huan)熱管鋼(gang)管均采用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)法進行-檢查，氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)試驗至(zhi)1.0Mpa，5分鐘無壓(ya)(ya)降。